There are three tiers of vocabulary. Tier 1 is “every day” words. Tier 2 is cross curricular vocabulary. Tier 3 is content specific vocabulary. Tier 2 vocabulary is sometimes seen as some of the most difficult vocabulary for students to understand and used. Tier 2 vocabulary can also be considered the “testing” vocabulary such as represent, demonstrate, describe, compare, and explain. Yet, for many English Learners these words are cognates and commonly used vocabulary in their L1. If there L1 is Spanish, these same words are representar, demostrar, describir, comparar, and explicar. Something that can be helpful to our students is to pair up Tier 2 vocabulary with its cognates and let guide them to see the connection. That way they will see that L1 can be a asset & tool that they can use to help them comrephend text they are reading in their L2. Furthermore, teachers can help them reach the conclusion that there are already words that they know, but just need a tweak in pronounciation.
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